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s34860 vector shield avidin biotin blocking kit vector laboratories  (Vector Laboratories)


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    Vector Laboratories s34860 vector shield avidin biotin blocking kit vector laboratories
    S34860 Vector Shield Avidin Biotin Blocking Kit Vector Laboratories, supplied by Vector Laboratories, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 11532 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/s34860+vector+shield+avidin+biotin+blocking+kit+vector+laboratories/Avidin%2FBiotin+Blocking+Kit/pm40381195-430-154-155
    Average 96 stars, based on 11532 article reviews
    s34860 vector shield avidin biotin blocking kit vector laboratories - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    96/100 stars

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    SYBR Green Assay:

    Article Title: De novo serine biosynthesis is protective in mitochondrial disease.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Chicken anti-MTHFD2 Abcam Cat# ab37840; RRID:AB_776544 Rabbit anti-phospho-eIF2a Abcam Cat# ab32157; RRID:AB_732117 Rabbit anti-eIF2a Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9722; RRID:AB_2230924 Rabbit anti-GRP75 (HSP70) Abcam Cat# ab53098; RRID:AB_880311 Mouse anti-Opa1 BD Transduction Laboratories Cat# 612606; RRID:AB_399888 Rabbit anti-SFXN1 Sigma Cat# HPA019543; RRID:AB_1856789 Rabbit anti-S6 p(240/244) Cell Signaling Cat# 2215S; RRID:AB_331682 Rabbit anti-S6 Cell Signaling Cat# 2217; RRID:AB_331355 Goat anti-ATF4 Abcam Cat# ab1371; RRID:AB_300588 Rabbit anti-PHGDH Proteintech Cat# 14719-1-AP; RRID:AB_2283938 Mouse anti-beta-Actin Cell Signaling Cat# 3700S; RRID:AB_2242334 Rabbit anti-Porin/VDAC1 Abcam Cat# ab15895; RRID:AB_2214787 Rabbit anti-TOM20 Santa Cruz Cat# sc-11415; RRID:AB_2207533 Mouse anti-MTCO1 Abcam Cat# ab14705; RRID:AB_2084810 Mouse anti-SDHA Abcam Cat# ab14715; RRID:AB_301433 Rabbit anti-Laminin Sigma Aldrich Cat# L9393; RRID:AB_477163 Goat anti-Rabbit, HRP conjugated Molecular Probes Cat# G21234; RRID:AB_1500696 Goat Anti-Mouse, HRP conjugated Jackson ImmunoResearch Cat# 115-035-146; RRID:AB_2307392 Goat Anti-Mouse IgG2a, Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A21131; RRID:AB_2535771 Goat anti-Mouse IgG1, biotin conjugated Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A10519; RRID:AB_1500809 Goat anti-Rat IgG (H + L), Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A11006; RRID:AB_2534074 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins NCT-503 Sigma Aldrich Cat# SML1659 CBR-5884 MedChem Express Cat# HY-100012 PKUMDL-WQ-2101 MedChem Express Cat# HY-123269 Actinonin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A6671 Paraquat Sigma Aldrich Cat# 36541 Oligomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# O4876 FCCP Sigma Aldrich Cat# C2920 Antimycin A Sigma Aldrich Cat# A8674 Rotenone Sigma Aldrich Cat# R8875 MEM Gibco Cat# 11095 DMEM w/out Met and Cys Sigma Aldrich Cat# D0422 Glutamax Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050038 Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) Heat Inactivated Sigma Aldrich Cat# F9665 Fetal Bovine Serum (FSC) dialyzed Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A3382001 Sodium pyruvate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11360039 L-Serine Sigma Aldrich Cat# S4311 D3-Serine Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Cat# DLM-582-0.1 EasyTag Express 35S protein labeling mix PerkinElmer Cat# NEG772014MC Anisomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A9789 Chloramphenicol Sigma Aldrich Cat# C3175 PierceTM Protease Inhibitor Tablets, EDTA-free Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32955 (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 11 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER HaltTM Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PI78420 TRIzol Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15596018 SYBR Green Supermix Bio Rad Cat# 1725006CUST Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate Bio Rad Cat# 500-0006 VECTASHIELD® Antifade Mounting Medium, With DAPI Vector Laboratories Cat# H-1200-10 Streptavidin Alexa 647 Life Technologies Cat# S32357 Image-iTTM TMRM Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# I34361 Aqueous Glutaraldehyde EM Grade 25% Electron Microscopy Sciences Cat# 16210 Poly(ethylene glycol) BioUltra, 4000 Sigma Aldrich Cat# 95904 (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin Sigma Aldrich Cat# H107-5G EDTA Sigma Aldrich Cat# E9884 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Sigma Aldrich Cat# D8418 ProLongTM Gold Antifade Mountan Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# P36934 Critical commercial assays miRNeasy Micro kit Qiagen Cat# 217004 Maxima First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit for RT-qPCR Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K1672 MitoTracker® Red CMXRos Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M-7512 MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M36008 SYTOXTM Green Dead Cell Stain Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# S34860 Vector Shield Avidin-Biotin blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# SP-2001 Vector Shield Mouse on Mouse (MOM) blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# MKB-2213 Experimental models: Cell lines C2C12 mouse myoblast ATCC CRL-1772 Human diploid male control myoblast (established in-lab) Suomalainen Lab N/A Flp-InTM T-RExTM 293 POLG and TWNK mutants Spelbrink Lab N/A Experimental models: Organisms/strains Tg/ACTB/twnk-p.353-365-dup/BL6 Suomalainen Lab N/A Oligonucleotides SCL7A11 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATATGCTGGCTGGTTTTACCTC -3′ Metabion N/A SCL7A11 mouse Rev: 5′- CACGTTTGTCAGTACGTAGCCC -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGTGGAGCGCCAGAATAGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Rev: 5′- CTTCGGTTGTGACAGCGTTA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Fwd: 5′- GACCCCATCATCTCTCCTGA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Rev: 5′- GCACACCTTTCTTGCACTGA -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Fwd: 5′- ATGCTCCCCGGGCTGTAT -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Rev: 5′- CATAGGAGTCCTTCTGACCCATTC -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Fwd: 5′- TCGCTTTGTCTTCAGCAACTGTGAG -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Rev: 5′- CATCAGCCGCTTTGCCAGAGTAG -3′ Metabion N/A Mthfd2 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATGGGGCATATGGGAGATAAT -3′ Metabion N/A (Continued on next page) 12 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Mthfd2 mouse Rev: 5′- CCGGGCCGTTCGTGAGC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Fwd: 5′- CAACCAGAGCCGAGAGGAC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Rev: 5′- TGCACGCGGTAGGCTTC -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCTGGAGATCAGGGAGGAT -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Rev: 5′- GCACAGGAACCTGGATGTCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Fwd: 5′- CTCTGTACCATGCCGTTCCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Rev: 5′- GGCTGCTGAACAGATTCTCC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCGAGTGCAGACGATCATC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Rev: 5′- TGGCGTAGAGGGTGTCAAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Fwd: 5′- CCATTCTCCTCCTATCCCTCAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Rev: 5′- CACAATCTGATGTTTTGGTTAAACTATATTT -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Probe: 5′-6FAM-CCGACATCATTACCGGGTTTTCCTCTTG -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Fwd: 5′- CCCACACGTTCCCCTTAAATAA -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Rev: 5′- CGTGAGTGGTTAATAGGGTGATAGAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Probe: 5′- ROX-ACATCACGATGGATCAC -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Fwd: 5′- CGGACAGGATTGACAGATTG -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Rev: 5′- CAAATCGCTCCACCAACTAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGGAGCCTGTTCTATAATCGATAAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Rev: 5′- GATGGCGGTATATAGGCCGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Software and algorithms Image Lab Bio Rad https://www.bio-rad.com/en-fi/product/ image-lab-software Prism 6 GraphPad https://www.graphpad.com/ ImageJ/FIJI N/A https://fiji.sc/ FlowJo v10 Biosciences https://www.flowjo.com/solutions/flowjo iTEM Olympus https://www.olympus-sis.com Photoshop v23.5.1 Adobe https://www.adobe.com MetaboAnalyst 3.0 MetaboAnalyst https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/ LipidView v.1.2 SCIEX https://sciex.com/products/software/ lipidview-software Other Mouse diet Altromin Cat# C1000 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 13

    Electron Microscopy:

    Article Title: De novo serine biosynthesis is protective in mitochondrial disease.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Chicken anti-MTHFD2 Abcam Cat# ab37840; RRID:AB_776544 Rabbit anti-phospho-eIF2a Abcam Cat# ab32157; RRID:AB_732117 Rabbit anti-eIF2a Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9722; RRID:AB_2230924 Rabbit anti-GRP75 (HSP70) Abcam Cat# ab53098; RRID:AB_880311 Mouse anti-Opa1 BD Transduction Laboratories Cat# 612606; RRID:AB_399888 Rabbit anti-SFXN1 Sigma Cat# HPA019543; RRID:AB_1856789 Rabbit anti-S6 p(240/244) Cell Signaling Cat# 2215S; RRID:AB_331682 Rabbit anti-S6 Cell Signaling Cat# 2217; RRID:AB_331355 Goat anti-ATF4 Abcam Cat# ab1371; RRID:AB_300588 Rabbit anti-PHGDH Proteintech Cat# 14719-1-AP; RRID:AB_2283938 Mouse anti-beta-Actin Cell Signaling Cat# 3700S; RRID:AB_2242334 Rabbit anti-Porin/VDAC1 Abcam Cat# ab15895; RRID:AB_2214787 Rabbit anti-TOM20 Santa Cruz Cat# sc-11415; RRID:AB_2207533 Mouse anti-MTCO1 Abcam Cat# ab14705; RRID:AB_2084810 Mouse anti-SDHA Abcam Cat# ab14715; RRID:AB_301433 Rabbit anti-Laminin Sigma Aldrich Cat# L9393; RRID:AB_477163 Goat anti-Rabbit, HRP conjugated Molecular Probes Cat# G21234; RRID:AB_1500696 Goat Anti-Mouse, HRP conjugated Jackson ImmunoResearch Cat# 115-035-146; RRID:AB_2307392 Goat Anti-Mouse IgG2a, Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A21131; RRID:AB_2535771 Goat anti-Mouse IgG1, biotin conjugated Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A10519; RRID:AB_1500809 Goat anti-Rat IgG (H + L), Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A11006; RRID:AB_2534074 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins NCT-503 Sigma Aldrich Cat# SML1659 CBR-5884 MedChem Express Cat# HY-100012 PKUMDL-WQ-2101 MedChem Express Cat# HY-123269 Actinonin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A6671 Paraquat Sigma Aldrich Cat# 36541 Oligomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# O4876 FCCP Sigma Aldrich Cat# C2920 Antimycin A Sigma Aldrich Cat# A8674 Rotenone Sigma Aldrich Cat# R8875 MEM Gibco Cat# 11095 DMEM w/out Met and Cys Sigma Aldrich Cat# D0422 Glutamax Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050038 Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) Heat Inactivated Sigma Aldrich Cat# F9665 Fetal Bovine Serum (FSC) dialyzed Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A3382001 Sodium pyruvate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11360039 L-Serine Sigma Aldrich Cat# S4311 D3-Serine Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Cat# DLM-582-0.1 EasyTag Express 35S protein labeling mix PerkinElmer Cat# NEG772014MC Anisomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A9789 Chloramphenicol Sigma Aldrich Cat# C3175 PierceTM Protease Inhibitor Tablets, EDTA-free Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32955 (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 11 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER HaltTM Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PI78420 TRIzol Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15596018 SYBR Green Supermix Bio Rad Cat# 1725006CUST Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate Bio Rad Cat# 500-0006 VECTASHIELD® Antifade Mounting Medium, With DAPI Vector Laboratories Cat# H-1200-10 Streptavidin Alexa 647 Life Technologies Cat# S32357 Image-iTTM TMRM Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# I34361 Aqueous Glutaraldehyde EM Grade 25% Electron Microscopy Sciences Cat# 16210 Poly(ethylene glycol) BioUltra, 4000 Sigma Aldrich Cat# 95904 (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin Sigma Aldrich Cat# H107-5G EDTA Sigma Aldrich Cat# E9884 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Sigma Aldrich Cat# D8418 ProLongTM Gold Antifade Mountan Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# P36934 Critical commercial assays miRNeasy Micro kit Qiagen Cat# 217004 Maxima First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit for RT-qPCR Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K1672 MitoTracker® Red CMXRos Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M-7512 MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M36008 SYTOXTM Green Dead Cell Stain Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# S34860 Vector Shield Avidin-Biotin blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# SP-2001 Vector Shield Mouse on Mouse (MOM) blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# MKB-2213 Experimental models: Cell lines C2C12 mouse myoblast ATCC CRL-1772 Human diploid male control myoblast (established in-lab) Suomalainen Lab N/A Flp-InTM T-RExTM 293 POLG and TWNK mutants Spelbrink Lab N/A Experimental models: Organisms/strains Tg/ACTB/twnk-p.353-365-dup/BL6 Suomalainen Lab N/A Oligonucleotides SCL7A11 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATATGCTGGCTGGTTTTACCTC -3′ Metabion N/A SCL7A11 mouse Rev: 5′- CACGTTTGTCAGTACGTAGCCC -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGTGGAGCGCCAGAATAGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Rev: 5′- CTTCGGTTGTGACAGCGTTA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Fwd: 5′- GACCCCATCATCTCTCCTGA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Rev: 5′- GCACACCTTTCTTGCACTGA -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Fwd: 5′- ATGCTCCCCGGGCTGTAT -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Rev: 5′- CATAGGAGTCCTTCTGACCCATTC -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Fwd: 5′- TCGCTTTGTCTTCAGCAACTGTGAG -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Rev: 5′- CATCAGCCGCTTTGCCAGAGTAG -3′ Metabion N/A Mthfd2 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATGGGGCATATGGGAGATAAT -3′ Metabion N/A (Continued on next page) 12 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Mthfd2 mouse Rev: 5′- CCGGGCCGTTCGTGAGC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Fwd: 5′- CAACCAGAGCCGAGAGGAC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Rev: 5′- TGCACGCGGTAGGCTTC -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCTGGAGATCAGGGAGGAT -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Rev: 5′- GCACAGGAACCTGGATGTCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Fwd: 5′- CTCTGTACCATGCCGTTCCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Rev: 5′- GGCTGCTGAACAGATTCTCC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCGAGTGCAGACGATCATC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Rev: 5′- TGGCGTAGAGGGTGTCAAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Fwd: 5′- CCATTCTCCTCCTATCCCTCAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Rev: 5′- CACAATCTGATGTTTTGGTTAAACTATATTT -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Probe: 5′-6FAM-CCGACATCATTACCGGGTTTTCCTCTTG -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Fwd: 5′- CCCACACGTTCCCCTTAAATAA -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Rev: 5′- CGTGAGTGGTTAATAGGGTGATAGAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Probe: 5′- ROX-ACATCACGATGGATCAC -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Fwd: 5′- CGGACAGGATTGACAGATTG -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Rev: 5′- CAAATCGCTCCACCAACTAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGGAGCCTGTTCTATAATCGATAAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Rev: 5′- GATGGCGGTATATAGGCCGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Software and algorithms Image Lab Bio Rad https://www.bio-rad.com/en-fi/product/ image-lab-software Prism 6 GraphPad https://www.graphpad.com/ ImageJ/FIJI N/A https://fiji.sc/ FlowJo v10 Biosciences https://www.flowjo.com/solutions/flowjo iTEM Olympus https://www.olympus-sis.com Photoshop v23.5.1 Adobe https://www.adobe.com MetaboAnalyst 3.0 MetaboAnalyst https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/ LipidView v.1.2 SCIEX https://sciex.com/products/software/ lipidview-software Other Mouse diet Altromin Cat# C1000 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 13

    cDNA Synthesis:

    Article Title: De novo serine biosynthesis is protective in mitochondrial disease.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Chicken anti-MTHFD2 Abcam Cat# ab37840; RRID:AB_776544 Rabbit anti-phospho-eIF2a Abcam Cat# ab32157; RRID:AB_732117 Rabbit anti-eIF2a Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9722; RRID:AB_2230924 Rabbit anti-GRP75 (HSP70) Abcam Cat# ab53098; RRID:AB_880311 Mouse anti-Opa1 BD Transduction Laboratories Cat# 612606; RRID:AB_399888 Rabbit anti-SFXN1 Sigma Cat# HPA019543; RRID:AB_1856789 Rabbit anti-S6 p(240/244) Cell Signaling Cat# 2215S; RRID:AB_331682 Rabbit anti-S6 Cell Signaling Cat# 2217; RRID:AB_331355 Goat anti-ATF4 Abcam Cat# ab1371; RRID:AB_300588 Rabbit anti-PHGDH Proteintech Cat# 14719-1-AP; RRID:AB_2283938 Mouse anti-beta-Actin Cell Signaling Cat# 3700S; RRID:AB_2242334 Rabbit anti-Porin/VDAC1 Abcam Cat# ab15895; RRID:AB_2214787 Rabbit anti-TOM20 Santa Cruz Cat# sc-11415; RRID:AB_2207533 Mouse anti-MTCO1 Abcam Cat# ab14705; RRID:AB_2084810 Mouse anti-SDHA Abcam Cat# ab14715; RRID:AB_301433 Rabbit anti-Laminin Sigma Aldrich Cat# L9393; RRID:AB_477163 Goat anti-Rabbit, HRP conjugated Molecular Probes Cat# G21234; RRID:AB_1500696 Goat Anti-Mouse, HRP conjugated Jackson ImmunoResearch Cat# 115-035-146; RRID:AB_2307392 Goat Anti-Mouse IgG2a, Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A21131; RRID:AB_2535771 Goat anti-Mouse IgG1, biotin conjugated Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A10519; RRID:AB_1500809 Goat anti-Rat IgG (H + L), Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A11006; RRID:AB_2534074 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins NCT-503 Sigma Aldrich Cat# SML1659 CBR-5884 MedChem Express Cat# HY-100012 PKUMDL-WQ-2101 MedChem Express Cat# HY-123269 Actinonin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A6671 Paraquat Sigma Aldrich Cat# 36541 Oligomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# O4876 FCCP Sigma Aldrich Cat# C2920 Antimycin A Sigma Aldrich Cat# A8674 Rotenone Sigma Aldrich Cat# R8875 MEM Gibco Cat# 11095 DMEM w/out Met and Cys Sigma Aldrich Cat# D0422 Glutamax Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050038 Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) Heat Inactivated Sigma Aldrich Cat# F9665 Fetal Bovine Serum (FSC) dialyzed Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A3382001 Sodium pyruvate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11360039 L-Serine Sigma Aldrich Cat# S4311 D3-Serine Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Cat# DLM-582-0.1 EasyTag Express 35S protein labeling mix PerkinElmer Cat# NEG772014MC Anisomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A9789 Chloramphenicol Sigma Aldrich Cat# C3175 PierceTM Protease Inhibitor Tablets, EDTA-free Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32955 (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 11 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER HaltTM Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PI78420 TRIzol Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15596018 SYBR Green Supermix Bio Rad Cat# 1725006CUST Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate Bio Rad Cat# 500-0006 VECTASHIELD® Antifade Mounting Medium, With DAPI Vector Laboratories Cat# H-1200-10 Streptavidin Alexa 647 Life Technologies Cat# S32357 Image-iTTM TMRM Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# I34361 Aqueous Glutaraldehyde EM Grade 25% Electron Microscopy Sciences Cat# 16210 Poly(ethylene glycol) BioUltra, 4000 Sigma Aldrich Cat# 95904 (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin Sigma Aldrich Cat# H107-5G EDTA Sigma Aldrich Cat# E9884 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Sigma Aldrich Cat# D8418 ProLongTM Gold Antifade Mountan Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# P36934 Critical commercial assays miRNeasy Micro kit Qiagen Cat# 217004 Maxima First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit for RT-qPCR Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K1672 MitoTracker® Red CMXRos Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M-7512 MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M36008 SYTOXTM Green Dead Cell Stain Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# S34860 Vector Shield Avidin-Biotin blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# SP-2001 Vector Shield Mouse on Mouse (MOM) blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# MKB-2213 Experimental models: Cell lines C2C12 mouse myoblast ATCC CRL-1772 Human diploid male control myoblast (established in-lab) Suomalainen Lab N/A Flp-InTM T-RExTM 293 POLG and TWNK mutants Spelbrink Lab N/A Experimental models: Organisms/strains Tg/ACTB/twnk-p.353-365-dup/BL6 Suomalainen Lab N/A Oligonucleotides SCL7A11 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATATGCTGGCTGGTTTTACCTC -3′ Metabion N/A SCL7A11 mouse Rev: 5′- CACGTTTGTCAGTACGTAGCCC -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGTGGAGCGCCAGAATAGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Rev: 5′- CTTCGGTTGTGACAGCGTTA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Fwd: 5′- GACCCCATCATCTCTCCTGA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Rev: 5′- GCACACCTTTCTTGCACTGA -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Fwd: 5′- ATGCTCCCCGGGCTGTAT -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Rev: 5′- CATAGGAGTCCTTCTGACCCATTC -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Fwd: 5′- TCGCTTTGTCTTCAGCAACTGTGAG -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Rev: 5′- CATCAGCCGCTTTGCCAGAGTAG -3′ Metabion N/A Mthfd2 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATGGGGCATATGGGAGATAAT -3′ Metabion N/A (Continued on next page) 12 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Mthfd2 mouse Rev: 5′- CCGGGCCGTTCGTGAGC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Fwd: 5′- CAACCAGAGCCGAGAGGAC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Rev: 5′- TGCACGCGGTAGGCTTC -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCTGGAGATCAGGGAGGAT -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Rev: 5′- GCACAGGAACCTGGATGTCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Fwd: 5′- CTCTGTACCATGCCGTTCCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Rev: 5′- GGCTGCTGAACAGATTCTCC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCGAGTGCAGACGATCATC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Rev: 5′- TGGCGTAGAGGGTGTCAAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Fwd: 5′- CCATTCTCCTCCTATCCCTCAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Rev: 5′- CACAATCTGATGTTTTGGTTAAACTATATTT -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Probe: 5′-6FAM-CCGACATCATTACCGGGTTTTCCTCTTG -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Fwd: 5′- CCCACACGTTCCCCTTAAATAA -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Rev: 5′- CGTGAGTGGTTAATAGGGTGATAGAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Probe: 5′- ROX-ACATCACGATGGATCAC -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Fwd: 5′- CGGACAGGATTGACAGATTG -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Rev: 5′- CAAATCGCTCCACCAACTAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGGAGCCTGTTCTATAATCGATAAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Rev: 5′- GATGGCGGTATATAGGCCGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Software and algorithms Image Lab Bio Rad https://www.bio-rad.com/en-fi/product/ image-lab-software Prism 6 GraphPad https://www.graphpad.com/ ImageJ/FIJI N/A https://fiji.sc/ FlowJo v10 Biosciences https://www.flowjo.com/solutions/flowjo iTEM Olympus https://www.olympus-sis.com Photoshop v23.5.1 Adobe https://www.adobe.com MetaboAnalyst 3.0 MetaboAnalyst https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/ LipidView v.1.2 SCIEX https://sciex.com/products/software/ lipidview-software Other Mouse diet Altromin Cat# C1000 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 13

    Quantitative RT-PCR:

    Article Title: De novo serine biosynthesis is protective in mitochondrial disease.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Chicken anti-MTHFD2 Abcam Cat# ab37840; RRID:AB_776544 Rabbit anti-phospho-eIF2a Abcam Cat# ab32157; RRID:AB_732117 Rabbit anti-eIF2a Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9722; RRID:AB_2230924 Rabbit anti-GRP75 (HSP70) Abcam Cat# ab53098; RRID:AB_880311 Mouse anti-Opa1 BD Transduction Laboratories Cat# 612606; RRID:AB_399888 Rabbit anti-SFXN1 Sigma Cat# HPA019543; RRID:AB_1856789 Rabbit anti-S6 p(240/244) Cell Signaling Cat# 2215S; RRID:AB_331682 Rabbit anti-S6 Cell Signaling Cat# 2217; RRID:AB_331355 Goat anti-ATF4 Abcam Cat# ab1371; RRID:AB_300588 Rabbit anti-PHGDH Proteintech Cat# 14719-1-AP; RRID:AB_2283938 Mouse anti-beta-Actin Cell Signaling Cat# 3700S; RRID:AB_2242334 Rabbit anti-Porin/VDAC1 Abcam Cat# ab15895; RRID:AB_2214787 Rabbit anti-TOM20 Santa Cruz Cat# sc-11415; RRID:AB_2207533 Mouse anti-MTCO1 Abcam Cat# ab14705; RRID:AB_2084810 Mouse anti-SDHA Abcam Cat# ab14715; RRID:AB_301433 Rabbit anti-Laminin Sigma Aldrich Cat# L9393; RRID:AB_477163 Goat anti-Rabbit, HRP conjugated Molecular Probes Cat# G21234; RRID:AB_1500696 Goat Anti-Mouse, HRP conjugated Jackson ImmunoResearch Cat# 115-035-146; RRID:AB_2307392 Goat Anti-Mouse IgG2a, Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A21131; RRID:AB_2535771 Goat anti-Mouse IgG1, biotin conjugated Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A10519; RRID:AB_1500809 Goat anti-Rat IgG (H + L), Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A11006; RRID:AB_2534074 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins NCT-503 Sigma Aldrich Cat# SML1659 CBR-5884 MedChem Express Cat# HY-100012 PKUMDL-WQ-2101 MedChem Express Cat# HY-123269 Actinonin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A6671 Paraquat Sigma Aldrich Cat# 36541 Oligomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# O4876 FCCP Sigma Aldrich Cat# C2920 Antimycin A Sigma Aldrich Cat# A8674 Rotenone Sigma Aldrich Cat# R8875 MEM Gibco Cat# 11095 DMEM w/out Met and Cys Sigma Aldrich Cat# D0422 Glutamax Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050038 Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) Heat Inactivated Sigma Aldrich Cat# F9665 Fetal Bovine Serum (FSC) dialyzed Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A3382001 Sodium pyruvate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11360039 L-Serine Sigma Aldrich Cat# S4311 D3-Serine Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Cat# DLM-582-0.1 EasyTag Express 35S protein labeling mix PerkinElmer Cat# NEG772014MC Anisomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A9789 Chloramphenicol Sigma Aldrich Cat# C3175 PierceTM Protease Inhibitor Tablets, EDTA-free Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32955 (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 11 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER HaltTM Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PI78420 TRIzol Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15596018 SYBR Green Supermix Bio Rad Cat# 1725006CUST Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate Bio Rad Cat# 500-0006 VECTASHIELD® Antifade Mounting Medium, With DAPI Vector Laboratories Cat# H-1200-10 Streptavidin Alexa 647 Life Technologies Cat# S32357 Image-iTTM TMRM Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# I34361 Aqueous Glutaraldehyde EM Grade 25% Electron Microscopy Sciences Cat# 16210 Poly(ethylene glycol) BioUltra, 4000 Sigma Aldrich Cat# 95904 (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin Sigma Aldrich Cat# H107-5G EDTA Sigma Aldrich Cat# E9884 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Sigma Aldrich Cat# D8418 ProLongTM Gold Antifade Mountan Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# P36934 Critical commercial assays miRNeasy Micro kit Qiagen Cat# 217004 Maxima First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit for RT-qPCR Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K1672 MitoTracker® Red CMXRos Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M-7512 MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M36008 SYTOXTM Green Dead Cell Stain Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# S34860 Vector Shield Avidin-Biotin blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# SP-2001 Vector Shield Mouse on Mouse (MOM) blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# MKB-2213 Experimental models: Cell lines C2C12 mouse myoblast ATCC CRL-1772 Human diploid male control myoblast (established in-lab) Suomalainen Lab N/A Flp-InTM T-RExTM 293 POLG and TWNK mutants Spelbrink Lab N/A Experimental models: Organisms/strains Tg/ACTB/twnk-p.353-365-dup/BL6 Suomalainen Lab N/A Oligonucleotides SCL7A11 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATATGCTGGCTGGTTTTACCTC -3′ Metabion N/A SCL7A11 mouse Rev: 5′- CACGTTTGTCAGTACGTAGCCC -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGTGGAGCGCCAGAATAGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Rev: 5′- CTTCGGTTGTGACAGCGTTA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Fwd: 5′- GACCCCATCATCTCTCCTGA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Rev: 5′- GCACACCTTTCTTGCACTGA -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Fwd: 5′- ATGCTCCCCGGGCTGTAT -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Rev: 5′- CATAGGAGTCCTTCTGACCCATTC -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Fwd: 5′- TCGCTTTGTCTTCAGCAACTGTGAG -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Rev: 5′- CATCAGCCGCTTTGCCAGAGTAG -3′ Metabion N/A Mthfd2 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATGGGGCATATGGGAGATAAT -3′ Metabion N/A (Continued on next page) 12 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Mthfd2 mouse Rev: 5′- CCGGGCCGTTCGTGAGC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Fwd: 5′- CAACCAGAGCCGAGAGGAC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Rev: 5′- TGCACGCGGTAGGCTTC -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCTGGAGATCAGGGAGGAT -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Rev: 5′- GCACAGGAACCTGGATGTCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Fwd: 5′- CTCTGTACCATGCCGTTCCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Rev: 5′- GGCTGCTGAACAGATTCTCC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCGAGTGCAGACGATCATC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Rev: 5′- TGGCGTAGAGGGTGTCAAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Fwd: 5′- CCATTCTCCTCCTATCCCTCAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Rev: 5′- CACAATCTGATGTTTTGGTTAAACTATATTT -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Probe: 5′-6FAM-CCGACATCATTACCGGGTTTTCCTCTTG -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Fwd: 5′- CCCACACGTTCCCCTTAAATAA -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Rev: 5′- CGTGAGTGGTTAATAGGGTGATAGAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Probe: 5′- ROX-ACATCACGATGGATCAC -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Fwd: 5′- CGGACAGGATTGACAGATTG -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Rev: 5′- CAAATCGCTCCACCAACTAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGGAGCCTGTTCTATAATCGATAAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Rev: 5′- GATGGCGGTATATAGGCCGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Software and algorithms Image Lab Bio Rad https://www.bio-rad.com/en-fi/product/ image-lab-software Prism 6 GraphPad https://www.graphpad.com/ ImageJ/FIJI N/A https://fiji.sc/ FlowJo v10 Biosciences https://www.flowjo.com/solutions/flowjo iTEM Olympus https://www.olympus-sis.com Photoshop v23.5.1 Adobe https://www.adobe.com MetaboAnalyst 3.0 MetaboAnalyst https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/ LipidView v.1.2 SCIEX https://sciex.com/products/software/ lipidview-software Other Mouse diet Altromin Cat# C1000 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 13

    Staining:

    Article Title: De novo serine biosynthesis is protective in mitochondrial disease.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Chicken anti-MTHFD2 Abcam Cat# ab37840; RRID:AB_776544 Rabbit anti-phospho-eIF2a Abcam Cat# ab32157; RRID:AB_732117 Rabbit anti-eIF2a Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9722; RRID:AB_2230924 Rabbit anti-GRP75 (HSP70) Abcam Cat# ab53098; RRID:AB_880311 Mouse anti-Opa1 BD Transduction Laboratories Cat# 612606; RRID:AB_399888 Rabbit anti-SFXN1 Sigma Cat# HPA019543; RRID:AB_1856789 Rabbit anti-S6 p(240/244) Cell Signaling Cat# 2215S; RRID:AB_331682 Rabbit anti-S6 Cell Signaling Cat# 2217; RRID:AB_331355 Goat anti-ATF4 Abcam Cat# ab1371; RRID:AB_300588 Rabbit anti-PHGDH Proteintech Cat# 14719-1-AP; RRID:AB_2283938 Mouse anti-beta-Actin Cell Signaling Cat# 3700S; RRID:AB_2242334 Rabbit anti-Porin/VDAC1 Abcam Cat# ab15895; RRID:AB_2214787 Rabbit anti-TOM20 Santa Cruz Cat# sc-11415; RRID:AB_2207533 Mouse anti-MTCO1 Abcam Cat# ab14705; RRID:AB_2084810 Mouse anti-SDHA Abcam Cat# ab14715; RRID:AB_301433 Rabbit anti-Laminin Sigma Aldrich Cat# L9393; RRID:AB_477163 Goat anti-Rabbit, HRP conjugated Molecular Probes Cat# G21234; RRID:AB_1500696 Goat Anti-Mouse, HRP conjugated Jackson ImmunoResearch Cat# 115-035-146; RRID:AB_2307392 Goat Anti-Mouse IgG2a, Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A21131; RRID:AB_2535771 Goat anti-Mouse IgG1, biotin conjugated Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A10519; RRID:AB_1500809 Goat anti-Rat IgG (H + L), Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A11006; RRID:AB_2534074 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins NCT-503 Sigma Aldrich Cat# SML1659 CBR-5884 MedChem Express Cat# HY-100012 PKUMDL-WQ-2101 MedChem Express Cat# HY-123269 Actinonin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A6671 Paraquat Sigma Aldrich Cat# 36541 Oligomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# O4876 FCCP Sigma Aldrich Cat# C2920 Antimycin A Sigma Aldrich Cat# A8674 Rotenone Sigma Aldrich Cat# R8875 MEM Gibco Cat# 11095 DMEM w/out Met and Cys Sigma Aldrich Cat# D0422 Glutamax Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050038 Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) Heat Inactivated Sigma Aldrich Cat# F9665 Fetal Bovine Serum (FSC) dialyzed Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A3382001 Sodium pyruvate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11360039 L-Serine Sigma Aldrich Cat# S4311 D3-Serine Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Cat# DLM-582-0.1 EasyTag Express 35S protein labeling mix PerkinElmer Cat# NEG772014MC Anisomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A9789 Chloramphenicol Sigma Aldrich Cat# C3175 PierceTM Protease Inhibitor Tablets, EDTA-free Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32955 (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 11 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER HaltTM Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PI78420 TRIzol Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15596018 SYBR Green Supermix Bio Rad Cat# 1725006CUST Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate Bio Rad Cat# 500-0006 VECTASHIELD® Antifade Mounting Medium, With DAPI Vector Laboratories Cat# H-1200-10 Streptavidin Alexa 647 Life Technologies Cat# S32357 Image-iTTM TMRM Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# I34361 Aqueous Glutaraldehyde EM Grade 25% Electron Microscopy Sciences Cat# 16210 Poly(ethylene glycol) BioUltra, 4000 Sigma Aldrich Cat# 95904 (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin Sigma Aldrich Cat# H107-5G EDTA Sigma Aldrich Cat# E9884 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Sigma Aldrich Cat# D8418 ProLongTM Gold Antifade Mountan Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# P36934 Critical commercial assays miRNeasy Micro kit Qiagen Cat# 217004 Maxima First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit for RT-qPCR Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K1672 MitoTracker® Red CMXRos Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M-7512 MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M36008 SYTOXTM Green Dead Cell Stain Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# S34860 Vector Shield Avidin-Biotin blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# SP-2001 Vector Shield Mouse on Mouse (MOM) blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# MKB-2213 Experimental models: Cell lines C2C12 mouse myoblast ATCC CRL-1772 Human diploid male control myoblast (established in-lab) Suomalainen Lab N/A Flp-InTM T-RExTM 293 POLG and TWNK mutants Spelbrink Lab N/A Experimental models: Organisms/strains Tg/ACTB/twnk-p.353-365-dup/BL6 Suomalainen Lab N/A Oligonucleotides SCL7A11 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATATGCTGGCTGGTTTTACCTC -3′ Metabion N/A SCL7A11 mouse Rev: 5′- CACGTTTGTCAGTACGTAGCCC -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGTGGAGCGCCAGAATAGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Rev: 5′- CTTCGGTTGTGACAGCGTTA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Fwd: 5′- GACCCCATCATCTCTCCTGA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Rev: 5′- GCACACCTTTCTTGCACTGA -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Fwd: 5′- ATGCTCCCCGGGCTGTAT -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Rev: 5′- CATAGGAGTCCTTCTGACCCATTC -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Fwd: 5′- TCGCTTTGTCTTCAGCAACTGTGAG -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Rev: 5′- CATCAGCCGCTTTGCCAGAGTAG -3′ Metabion N/A Mthfd2 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATGGGGCATATGGGAGATAAT -3′ Metabion N/A (Continued on next page) 12 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Mthfd2 mouse Rev: 5′- CCGGGCCGTTCGTGAGC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Fwd: 5′- CAACCAGAGCCGAGAGGAC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Rev: 5′- TGCACGCGGTAGGCTTC -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCTGGAGATCAGGGAGGAT -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Rev: 5′- GCACAGGAACCTGGATGTCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Fwd: 5′- CTCTGTACCATGCCGTTCCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Rev: 5′- GGCTGCTGAACAGATTCTCC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCGAGTGCAGACGATCATC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Rev: 5′- TGGCGTAGAGGGTGTCAAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Fwd: 5′- CCATTCTCCTCCTATCCCTCAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Rev: 5′- CACAATCTGATGTTTTGGTTAAACTATATTT -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Probe: 5′-6FAM-CCGACATCATTACCGGGTTTTCCTCTTG -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Fwd: 5′- CCCACACGTTCCCCTTAAATAA -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Rev: 5′- CGTGAGTGGTTAATAGGGTGATAGAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Probe: 5′- ROX-ACATCACGATGGATCAC -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Fwd: 5′- CGGACAGGATTGACAGATTG -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Rev: 5′- CAAATCGCTCCACCAACTAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGGAGCCTGTTCTATAATCGATAAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Rev: 5′- GATGGCGGTATATAGGCCGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Software and algorithms Image Lab Bio Rad https://www.bio-rad.com/en-fi/product/ image-lab-software Prism 6 GraphPad https://www.graphpad.com/ ImageJ/FIJI N/A https://fiji.sc/ FlowJo v10 Biosciences https://www.flowjo.com/solutions/flowjo iTEM Olympus https://www.olympus-sis.com Photoshop v23.5.1 Adobe https://www.adobe.com MetaboAnalyst 3.0 MetaboAnalyst https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/ LipidView v.1.2 SCIEX https://sciex.com/products/software/ lipidview-software Other Mouse diet Altromin Cat# C1000 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 13

    Avidin-Biotin Assay:

    Article Title: De novo serine biosynthesis is protective in mitochondrial disease.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Chicken anti-MTHFD2 Abcam Cat# ab37840; RRID:AB_776544 Rabbit anti-phospho-eIF2a Abcam Cat# ab32157; RRID:AB_732117 Rabbit anti-eIF2a Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9722; RRID:AB_2230924 Rabbit anti-GRP75 (HSP70) Abcam Cat# ab53098; RRID:AB_880311 Mouse anti-Opa1 BD Transduction Laboratories Cat# 612606; RRID:AB_399888 Rabbit anti-SFXN1 Sigma Cat# HPA019543; RRID:AB_1856789 Rabbit anti-S6 p(240/244) Cell Signaling Cat# 2215S; RRID:AB_331682 Rabbit anti-S6 Cell Signaling Cat# 2217; RRID:AB_331355 Goat anti-ATF4 Abcam Cat# ab1371; RRID:AB_300588 Rabbit anti-PHGDH Proteintech Cat# 14719-1-AP; RRID:AB_2283938 Mouse anti-beta-Actin Cell Signaling Cat# 3700S; RRID:AB_2242334 Rabbit anti-Porin/VDAC1 Abcam Cat# ab15895; RRID:AB_2214787 Rabbit anti-TOM20 Santa Cruz Cat# sc-11415; RRID:AB_2207533 Mouse anti-MTCO1 Abcam Cat# ab14705; RRID:AB_2084810 Mouse anti-SDHA Abcam Cat# ab14715; RRID:AB_301433 Rabbit anti-Laminin Sigma Aldrich Cat# L9393; RRID:AB_477163 Goat anti-Rabbit, HRP conjugated Molecular Probes Cat# G21234; RRID:AB_1500696 Goat Anti-Mouse, HRP conjugated Jackson ImmunoResearch Cat# 115-035-146; RRID:AB_2307392 Goat Anti-Mouse IgG2a, Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A21131; RRID:AB_2535771 Goat anti-Mouse IgG1, biotin conjugated Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A10519; RRID:AB_1500809 Goat anti-Rat IgG (H + L), Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A11006; RRID:AB_2534074 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins NCT-503 Sigma Aldrich Cat# SML1659 CBR-5884 MedChem Express Cat# HY-100012 PKUMDL-WQ-2101 MedChem Express Cat# HY-123269 Actinonin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A6671 Paraquat Sigma Aldrich Cat# 36541 Oligomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# O4876 FCCP Sigma Aldrich Cat# C2920 Antimycin A Sigma Aldrich Cat# A8674 Rotenone Sigma Aldrich Cat# R8875 MEM Gibco Cat# 11095 DMEM w/out Met and Cys Sigma Aldrich Cat# D0422 Glutamax Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050038 Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) Heat Inactivated Sigma Aldrich Cat# F9665 Fetal Bovine Serum (FSC) dialyzed Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A3382001 Sodium pyruvate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11360039 L-Serine Sigma Aldrich Cat# S4311 D3-Serine Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Cat# DLM-582-0.1 EasyTag Express 35S protein labeling mix PerkinElmer Cat# NEG772014MC Anisomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A9789 Chloramphenicol Sigma Aldrich Cat# C3175 PierceTM Protease Inhibitor Tablets, EDTA-free Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32955 (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 11 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER HaltTM Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PI78420 TRIzol Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15596018 SYBR Green Supermix Bio Rad Cat# 1725006CUST Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate Bio Rad Cat# 500-0006 VECTASHIELD® Antifade Mounting Medium, With DAPI Vector Laboratories Cat# H-1200-10 Streptavidin Alexa 647 Life Technologies Cat# S32357 Image-iTTM TMRM Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# I34361 Aqueous Glutaraldehyde EM Grade 25% Electron Microscopy Sciences Cat# 16210 Poly(ethylene glycol) BioUltra, 4000 Sigma Aldrich Cat# 95904 (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin Sigma Aldrich Cat# H107-5G EDTA Sigma Aldrich Cat# E9884 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Sigma Aldrich Cat# D8418 ProLongTM Gold Antifade Mountan Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# P36934 Critical commercial assays miRNeasy Micro kit Qiagen Cat# 217004 Maxima First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit for RT-qPCR Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K1672 MitoTracker® Red CMXRos Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M-7512 MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M36008 SYTOXTM Green Dead Cell Stain Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# S34860 Vector Shield Avidin-Biotin blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# SP-2001 Vector Shield Mouse on Mouse (MOM) blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# MKB-2213 Experimental models: Cell lines C2C12 mouse myoblast ATCC CRL-1772 Human diploid male control myoblast (established in-lab) Suomalainen Lab N/A Flp-InTM T-RExTM 293 POLG and TWNK mutants Spelbrink Lab N/A Experimental models: Organisms/strains Tg/ACTB/twnk-p.353-365-dup/BL6 Suomalainen Lab N/A Oligonucleotides SCL7A11 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATATGCTGGCTGGTTTTACCTC -3′ Metabion N/A SCL7A11 mouse Rev: 5′- CACGTTTGTCAGTACGTAGCCC -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGTGGAGCGCCAGAATAGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Rev: 5′- CTTCGGTTGTGACAGCGTTA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Fwd: 5′- GACCCCATCATCTCTCCTGA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Rev: 5′- GCACACCTTTCTTGCACTGA -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Fwd: 5′- ATGCTCCCCGGGCTGTAT -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Rev: 5′- CATAGGAGTCCTTCTGACCCATTC -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Fwd: 5′- TCGCTTTGTCTTCAGCAACTGTGAG -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Rev: 5′- CATCAGCCGCTTTGCCAGAGTAG -3′ Metabion N/A Mthfd2 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATGGGGCATATGGGAGATAAT -3′ Metabion N/A (Continued on next page) 12 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Mthfd2 mouse Rev: 5′- CCGGGCCGTTCGTGAGC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Fwd: 5′- CAACCAGAGCCGAGAGGAC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Rev: 5′- TGCACGCGGTAGGCTTC -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCTGGAGATCAGGGAGGAT -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Rev: 5′- GCACAGGAACCTGGATGTCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Fwd: 5′- CTCTGTACCATGCCGTTCCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Rev: 5′- GGCTGCTGAACAGATTCTCC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCGAGTGCAGACGATCATC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Rev: 5′- TGGCGTAGAGGGTGTCAAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Fwd: 5′- CCATTCTCCTCCTATCCCTCAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Rev: 5′- CACAATCTGATGTTTTGGTTAAACTATATTT -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Probe: 5′-6FAM-CCGACATCATTACCGGGTTTTCCTCTTG -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Fwd: 5′- CCCACACGTTCCCCTTAAATAA -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Rev: 5′- CGTGAGTGGTTAATAGGGTGATAGAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Probe: 5′- ROX-ACATCACGATGGATCAC -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Fwd: 5′- CGGACAGGATTGACAGATTG -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Rev: 5′- CAAATCGCTCCACCAACTAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGGAGCCTGTTCTATAATCGATAAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Rev: 5′- GATGGCGGTATATAGGCCGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Software and algorithms Image Lab Bio Rad https://www.bio-rad.com/en-fi/product/ image-lab-software Prism 6 GraphPad https://www.graphpad.com/ ImageJ/FIJI N/A https://fiji.sc/ FlowJo v10 Biosciences https://www.flowjo.com/solutions/flowjo iTEM Olympus https://www.olympus-sis.com Photoshop v23.5.1 Adobe https://www.adobe.com MetaboAnalyst 3.0 MetaboAnalyst https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/ LipidView v.1.2 SCIEX https://sciex.com/products/software/ lipidview-software Other Mouse diet Altromin Cat# C1000 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 13

    Blocking Assay:

    Article Title: De novo serine biosynthesis is protective in mitochondrial disease.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Chicken anti-MTHFD2 Abcam Cat# ab37840; RRID:AB_776544 Rabbit anti-phospho-eIF2a Abcam Cat# ab32157; RRID:AB_732117 Rabbit anti-eIF2a Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9722; RRID:AB_2230924 Rabbit anti-GRP75 (HSP70) Abcam Cat# ab53098; RRID:AB_880311 Mouse anti-Opa1 BD Transduction Laboratories Cat# 612606; RRID:AB_399888 Rabbit anti-SFXN1 Sigma Cat# HPA019543; RRID:AB_1856789 Rabbit anti-S6 p(240/244) Cell Signaling Cat# 2215S; RRID:AB_331682 Rabbit anti-S6 Cell Signaling Cat# 2217; RRID:AB_331355 Goat anti-ATF4 Abcam Cat# ab1371; RRID:AB_300588 Rabbit anti-PHGDH Proteintech Cat# 14719-1-AP; RRID:AB_2283938 Mouse anti-beta-Actin Cell Signaling Cat# 3700S; RRID:AB_2242334 Rabbit anti-Porin/VDAC1 Abcam Cat# ab15895; RRID:AB_2214787 Rabbit anti-TOM20 Santa Cruz Cat# sc-11415; RRID:AB_2207533 Mouse anti-MTCO1 Abcam Cat# ab14705; RRID:AB_2084810 Mouse anti-SDHA Abcam Cat# ab14715; RRID:AB_301433 Rabbit anti-Laminin Sigma Aldrich Cat# L9393; RRID:AB_477163 Goat anti-Rabbit, HRP conjugated Molecular Probes Cat# G21234; RRID:AB_1500696 Goat Anti-Mouse, HRP conjugated Jackson ImmunoResearch Cat# 115-035-146; RRID:AB_2307392 Goat Anti-Mouse IgG2a, Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A21131; RRID:AB_2535771 Goat anti-Mouse IgG1, biotin conjugated Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A10519; RRID:AB_1500809 Goat anti-Rat IgG (H + L), Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A11006; RRID:AB_2534074 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins NCT-503 Sigma Aldrich Cat# SML1659 CBR-5884 MedChem Express Cat# HY-100012 PKUMDL-WQ-2101 MedChem Express Cat# HY-123269 Actinonin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A6671 Paraquat Sigma Aldrich Cat# 36541 Oligomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# O4876 FCCP Sigma Aldrich Cat# C2920 Antimycin A Sigma Aldrich Cat# A8674 Rotenone Sigma Aldrich Cat# R8875 MEM Gibco Cat# 11095 DMEM w/out Met and Cys Sigma Aldrich Cat# D0422 Glutamax Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050038 Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) Heat Inactivated Sigma Aldrich Cat# F9665 Fetal Bovine Serum (FSC) dialyzed Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A3382001 Sodium pyruvate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11360039 L-Serine Sigma Aldrich Cat# S4311 D3-Serine Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Cat# DLM-582-0.1 EasyTag Express 35S protein labeling mix PerkinElmer Cat# NEG772014MC Anisomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A9789 Chloramphenicol Sigma Aldrich Cat# C3175 PierceTM Protease Inhibitor Tablets, EDTA-free Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32955 (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 11 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER HaltTM Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PI78420 TRIzol Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15596018 SYBR Green Supermix Bio Rad Cat# 1725006CUST Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate Bio Rad Cat# 500-0006 VECTASHIELD® Antifade Mounting Medium, With DAPI Vector Laboratories Cat# H-1200-10 Streptavidin Alexa 647 Life Technologies Cat# S32357 Image-iTTM TMRM Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# I34361 Aqueous Glutaraldehyde EM Grade 25% Electron Microscopy Sciences Cat# 16210 Poly(ethylene glycol) BioUltra, 4000 Sigma Aldrich Cat# 95904 (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin Sigma Aldrich Cat# H107-5G EDTA Sigma Aldrich Cat# E9884 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Sigma Aldrich Cat# D8418 ProLongTM Gold Antifade Mountan Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# P36934 Critical commercial assays miRNeasy Micro kit Qiagen Cat# 217004 Maxima First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit for RT-qPCR Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K1672 MitoTracker® Red CMXRos Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M-7512 MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M36008 SYTOXTM Green Dead Cell Stain Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# S34860 Vector Shield Avidin-Biotin blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# SP-2001 Vector Shield Mouse on Mouse (MOM) blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# MKB-2213 Experimental models: Cell lines C2C12 mouse myoblast ATCC CRL-1772 Human diploid male control myoblast (established in-lab) Suomalainen Lab N/A Flp-InTM T-RExTM 293 POLG and TWNK mutants Spelbrink Lab N/A Experimental models: Organisms/strains Tg/ACTB/twnk-p.353-365-dup/BL6 Suomalainen Lab N/A Oligonucleotides SCL7A11 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATATGCTGGCTGGTTTTACCTC -3′ Metabion N/A SCL7A11 mouse Rev: 5′- CACGTTTGTCAGTACGTAGCCC -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGTGGAGCGCCAGAATAGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Rev: 5′- CTTCGGTTGTGACAGCGTTA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Fwd: 5′- GACCCCATCATCTCTCCTGA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Rev: 5′- GCACACCTTTCTTGCACTGA -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Fwd: 5′- ATGCTCCCCGGGCTGTAT -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Rev: 5′- CATAGGAGTCCTTCTGACCCATTC -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Fwd: 5′- TCGCTTTGTCTTCAGCAACTGTGAG -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Rev: 5′- CATCAGCCGCTTTGCCAGAGTAG -3′ Metabion N/A Mthfd2 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATGGGGCATATGGGAGATAAT -3′ Metabion N/A (Continued on next page) 12 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Mthfd2 mouse Rev: 5′- CCGGGCCGTTCGTGAGC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Fwd: 5′- CAACCAGAGCCGAGAGGAC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Rev: 5′- TGCACGCGGTAGGCTTC -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCTGGAGATCAGGGAGGAT -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Rev: 5′- GCACAGGAACCTGGATGTCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Fwd: 5′- CTCTGTACCATGCCGTTCCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Rev: 5′- GGCTGCTGAACAGATTCTCC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCGAGTGCAGACGATCATC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Rev: 5′- TGGCGTAGAGGGTGTCAAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Fwd: 5′- CCATTCTCCTCCTATCCCTCAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Rev: 5′- CACAATCTGATGTTTTGGTTAAACTATATTT -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Probe: 5′-6FAM-CCGACATCATTACCGGGTTTTCCTCTTG -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Fwd: 5′- CCCACACGTTCCCCTTAAATAA -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Rev: 5′- CGTGAGTGGTTAATAGGGTGATAGAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Probe: 5′- ROX-ACATCACGATGGATCAC -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Fwd: 5′- CGGACAGGATTGACAGATTG -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Rev: 5′- CAAATCGCTCCACCAACTAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGGAGCCTGTTCTATAATCGATAAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Rev: 5′- GATGGCGGTATATAGGCCGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Software and algorithms Image Lab Bio Rad https://www.bio-rad.com/en-fi/product/ image-lab-software Prism 6 GraphPad https://www.graphpad.com/ ImageJ/FIJI N/A https://fiji.sc/ FlowJo v10 Biosciences https://www.flowjo.com/solutions/flowjo iTEM Olympus https://www.olympus-sis.com Photoshop v23.5.1 Adobe https://www.adobe.com MetaboAnalyst 3.0 MetaboAnalyst https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/ LipidView v.1.2 SCIEX https://sciex.com/products/software/ lipidview-software Other Mouse diet Altromin Cat# C1000 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 13

    Control:

    Article Title: De novo serine biosynthesis is protective in mitochondrial disease.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Chicken anti-MTHFD2 Abcam Cat# ab37840; RRID:AB_776544 Rabbit anti-phospho-eIF2a Abcam Cat# ab32157; RRID:AB_732117 Rabbit anti-eIF2a Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9722; RRID:AB_2230924 Rabbit anti-GRP75 (HSP70) Abcam Cat# ab53098; RRID:AB_880311 Mouse anti-Opa1 BD Transduction Laboratories Cat# 612606; RRID:AB_399888 Rabbit anti-SFXN1 Sigma Cat# HPA019543; RRID:AB_1856789 Rabbit anti-S6 p(240/244) Cell Signaling Cat# 2215S; RRID:AB_331682 Rabbit anti-S6 Cell Signaling Cat# 2217; RRID:AB_331355 Goat anti-ATF4 Abcam Cat# ab1371; RRID:AB_300588 Rabbit anti-PHGDH Proteintech Cat# 14719-1-AP; RRID:AB_2283938 Mouse anti-beta-Actin Cell Signaling Cat# 3700S; RRID:AB_2242334 Rabbit anti-Porin/VDAC1 Abcam Cat# ab15895; RRID:AB_2214787 Rabbit anti-TOM20 Santa Cruz Cat# sc-11415; RRID:AB_2207533 Mouse anti-MTCO1 Abcam Cat# ab14705; RRID:AB_2084810 Mouse anti-SDHA Abcam Cat# ab14715; RRID:AB_301433 Rabbit anti-Laminin Sigma Aldrich Cat# L9393; RRID:AB_477163 Goat anti-Rabbit, HRP conjugated Molecular Probes Cat# G21234; RRID:AB_1500696 Goat Anti-Mouse, HRP conjugated Jackson ImmunoResearch Cat# 115-035-146; RRID:AB_2307392 Goat Anti-Mouse IgG2a, Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A21131; RRID:AB_2535771 Goat anti-Mouse IgG1, biotin conjugated Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A10519; RRID:AB_1500809 Goat anti-Rat IgG (H + L), Alexa 488 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A11006; RRID:AB_2534074 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins NCT-503 Sigma Aldrich Cat# SML1659 CBR-5884 MedChem Express Cat# HY-100012 PKUMDL-WQ-2101 MedChem Express Cat# HY-123269 Actinonin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A6671 Paraquat Sigma Aldrich Cat# 36541 Oligomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# O4876 FCCP Sigma Aldrich Cat# C2920 Antimycin A Sigma Aldrich Cat# A8674 Rotenone Sigma Aldrich Cat# R8875 MEM Gibco Cat# 11095 DMEM w/out Met and Cys Sigma Aldrich Cat# D0422 Glutamax Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050038 Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) Heat Inactivated Sigma Aldrich Cat# F9665 Fetal Bovine Serum (FSC) dialyzed Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A3382001 Sodium pyruvate Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11360039 L-Serine Sigma Aldrich Cat# S4311 D3-Serine Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Cat# DLM-582-0.1 EasyTag Express 35S protein labeling mix PerkinElmer Cat# NEG772014MC Anisomycin Sigma Aldrich Cat# A9789 Chloramphenicol Sigma Aldrich Cat# C3175 PierceTM Protease Inhibitor Tablets, EDTA-free Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32955 (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 11 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER HaltTM Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PI78420 TRIzol Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15596018 SYBR Green Supermix Bio Rad Cat# 1725006CUST Protein Assay Dye Reagent Concentrate Bio Rad Cat# 500-0006 VECTASHIELD® Antifade Mounting Medium, With DAPI Vector Laboratories Cat# H-1200-10 Streptavidin Alexa 647 Life Technologies Cat# S32357 Image-iTTM TMRM Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# I34361 Aqueous Glutaraldehyde EM Grade 25% Electron Microscopy Sciences Cat# 16210 Poly(ethylene glycol) BioUltra, 4000 Sigma Aldrich Cat# 95904 (2-Hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin Sigma Aldrich Cat# H107-5G EDTA Sigma Aldrich Cat# E9884 Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Sigma Aldrich Cat# D8418 ProLongTM Gold Antifade Mountan Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# P36934 Critical commercial assays miRNeasy Micro kit Qiagen Cat# 217004 Maxima First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit for RT-qPCR Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K1672 MitoTracker® Red CMXRos Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M-7512 MitoSOX Red Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# M36008 SYTOXTM Green Dead Cell Stain Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# S34860 Vector Shield Avidin-Biotin blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# SP-2001 Vector Shield Mouse on Mouse (MOM) blocking kit Vector laboratories Cat# MKB-2213 Experimental models: Cell lines C2C12 mouse myoblast ATCC CRL-1772 Human diploid male control myoblast (established in-lab) Suomalainen Lab N/A Flp-InTM T-RExTM 293 POLG and TWNK mutants Spelbrink Lab N/A Experimental models: Organisms/strains Tg/ACTB/twnk-p.353-365-dup/BL6 Suomalainen Lab N/A Oligonucleotides SCL7A11 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATATGCTGGCTGGTTTTACCTC -3′ Metabion N/A SCL7A11 mouse Rev: 5′- CACGTTTGTCAGTACGTAGCCC -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGTGGAGCGCCAGAATAGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Psat1 mouse Rev: 5′- CTTCGGTTGTGACAGCGTTA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Fwd: 5′- GACCCCATCATCTCTCCTGA -3′ Metabion N/A Phgdh mouse Rev: 5′- GCACACCTTTCTTGCACTGA -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Fwd: 5′- ATGCTCCCCGGGCTGTAT -3′ Metabion N/A β-Actin mouse Rev: 5′- CATAGGAGTCCTTCTGACCCATTC -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Fwd: 5′- TCGCTTTGTCTTCAGCAACTGTGAG -3′ Metabion N/A Trib3 mouse Rev: 5′- CATCAGCCGCTTTGCCAGAGTAG -3′ Metabion N/A Mthfd2 mouse Fwd: 5′- CATGGGGCATATGGGAGATAAT -3′ Metabion N/A (Continued on next page) 12 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Mthfd2 mouse Rev: 5′- CCGGGCCGTTCGTGAGC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Fwd: 5′- CAACCAGAGCCGAGAGGAC -3′ Metabion N/A Gdf15 mouse Rev: 5′- TGCACGCGGTAGGCTTC -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCTGGAGATCAGGGAGGAT -3′ Metabion N/A Fgf21 mouse Rev: 5′- GCACAGGAACCTGGATGTCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Fwd: 5′- CTCTGTACCATGCCGTTCCT -3′ Metabion N/A Atrogin-1 (F box32) mouse Rev: 5′- GGCTGCTGAACAGATTCTCC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Fwd: 5′- ACCGAGTGCAGACGATCATC -3′ Metabion N/A MuRF-1 (Trim63) mouse Rev: 5′- TGGCGTAGAGGGTGTCAAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Fwd: 5′- CCATTCTCCTCCTATCCCTCAAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Rev: 5′- CACAATCTGATGTTTTGGTTAAACTATATTT -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (ND4) Probe: 5′-6FAM-CCGACATCATTACCGGGTTTTCCTCTTG -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Fwd: 5′- CCCACACGTTCCCCTTAAATAA -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Rev: 5′- CGTGAGTGGTTAATAGGGTGATAGAC -3′ Metabion N/A mtDNA triplex (D Loop) Probe: 5′- ROX-ACATCACGATGGATCAC -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Fwd: 5′- CGGACAGGATTGACAGATTG -3′ Metabion N/A 18S mouse Rev: 5′- CAAATCGCTCCACCAACTAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Fwd: 5′- AGGAGCCTGTTCTATAATCGATAAA -3′ Metabion N/A Mt-Rnr1 mouse Rev: 5′- GATGGCGGTATATAGGCCGAA -3′ Metabion N/A Software and algorithms Image Lab Bio Rad https://www.bio-rad.com/en-fi/product/ image-lab-software Prism 6 GraphPad https://www.graphpad.com/ ImageJ/FIJI N/A https://fiji.sc/ FlowJo v10 Biosciences https://www.flowjo.com/solutions/flowjo iTEM Olympus https://www.olympus-sis.com Photoshop v23.5.1 Adobe https://www.adobe.com MetaboAnalyst 3.0 MetaboAnalyst https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/ LipidView v.1.2 SCIEX https://sciex.com/products/software/ lipidview-software Other Mouse diet Altromin Cat# C1000 Cell Reports 44, 115710, May 27, 2025 13



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